World Religions 7th Edition by Warren Matthews – Test Bank

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World Religions 7th Edition by Warren Matthews – Test Bank

Chapter 1: Religions of the Americas

TRUE/FALSE

1.The Naskapi believe that all of life is activated by soul.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

2.Knowing how to influence souls was considered essential to the survival of the Naskapi.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

3.Naskapi women were not allowed to participate in hunting or fishing with the men.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

4.The Naskapi believed that humans and animals are closely related.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

5.The Naskapi had elaborate initiation rituals for adolescent males.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

6.It could be said that hunting and fishing was the religion of the Naskapi people.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

7.Powhatans made a strict distinction between medicine and religion.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24

8.Powhatans believed in reincarnation.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24

9.Powhatan priests were not allowed to use divination or magic to improve the tribe’s odds over their enemies.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24

10.The Cherokee people welcomed the early European settlers to their land.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

11.The Cherokee people peacefully relocated to the Oklahoma Territory after Europeans found gold on their land.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

12.The Cherokee forbade ordinary members of the tribe to hear or tell their creation stories.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

13.The term “henotheism” best characterizes most Native American views of the Absolute.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 29

14.There are very few types of kachinas.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 27

15.The ancient city-states of Meso and South America were markedly inferior to those of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 32

16.The Aztecs firmly believed that all of human life depended on the conquest and sacrifice of enemies.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 34

17.The Aztecs were known to practice human sacrifice, but never cannibalism.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 34-5

18.The Aztecs believed that the gods sacrificed themselves to restore the sun to the world.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 35

19.Ancient Incas thought that each tribe had been created by its own patron god.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 36

20.Incan deities were believed to care only for the living; not for the dead.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: pg. 36

21.None of the religions of the Americas developed an enduring concept of one god (monotheism).

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: pg. 41

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.The Naskapi referred to the active, living soul of the individual as

a.	Mantu.
b.	Mista’peo.
c.	Tsaka’bec.
d.	Sedna.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

2.The Naskapi used the term Mantu to describe the soul of

a.	nature, animals, and humans.
b.	humans only.
c.	animals only.
d.	nature only.

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

3.With the European invasion of the New World, tribal indigenous beliefs and practices were

a.	destroyed completely.
b.	compromised and adapted.
c.	practiced in secret.
d.	not changed at all.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 18

4.The Naskapi valued the shaman as one who could

a.	influence and control souls.
b.	control the weather.
c.	alter the natural world.
d.	act as the community medicine man.

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

5.According to Naskapi beliefs, where did souls of the dead reside between rebirths?

a.	in the sea
b.	in limbo
c.	in heaven or hell
d.	among the stars

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pg. 21

6.The Powhatans were named after

a.	the territory in which they lived.
b.	a sacred tree that grew on their land.
c.	the first chief whom the English met at Jamestown.
d.	the first English child born at Jamestown.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

7.Powhatan priests functioned as

a.	medical and religious professionals.
b.	ritual/ceremonial performers only.
c.	religious professionals only.
d.	tribal counselors.

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24

8.The Naskapi hunter’s success depended upon 

a.	their skill with weapons.
b.	the favor of the gods.
c.	the generous souls of animals and fish.
d.	the favor of the shaman.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pg. 22

9.In religious belief and practice, the Powhatans paid most attention to

a.	Ahone – the benevolent or “good” god.
b.	Okeus – the malevolent or “evil” god.
c.	Wisakon – the Powhatan medicine.
d.	Powhatan – their Paramount Chief.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24

10.The early Cherokees viewed their tribal myths as

a.	children’s bedtime stories.
b.	stories meant for entertainment only.
c.	lies told to confuse foreigners.
d.	sacred stories for the initiated only.

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

11.According to one Cherokee creation myth, who created the world?

a.	Ahone
b.	Coyote
c.	Water Beetle
d.	Okeus

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

12.Early Cherokee women

a.	fought wars alongside men & won warrior’s honors.
b.	only tended the corn and cared for the children.
c.	were not allowed to own property.
d.	were severely oppressed by their husbands and fathers.

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 27

13.An important function of kachinas in Hopi society was to

a.	entertain the tribal members at important feasts.
b.	enact creation stories.
c.	summon the gods.
d.	teach the children discipline and social ethics.

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pg. 27

14.For most of their history, the Aztecs

a.	practiced human sacrifice.
b.	were dedicated farmers.
c.	were nomadic hunter/gatherers.
d.	oppressed neighboring tribes.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 35

15.Which Aztec goddess represented both birth (creation) and death (destruction)?

a.	Coatlicue
b.	Tlazolteotl
c.	Xochiquetzal
d.	Tlaloc

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 34

16.Blood was a necessary element in Aztec sacrifice used to

a.	feed Tlaloc.
b.	fertilize the earth.
c.	appease the gods of war.
d.	nourish the sun.

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pg. 34

17.The Aztec Stone of the Sun represents

a.	the earth.
b.	the 5th Sun.
c.	the cosmos.
d.	decoration only.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pg. 34

18.The ancient Incas saw their Chief as the

a.	steward of the gods’ chosen people.
b.	Sun’s representative on earth.
c.	husband of their Mother Goddess.
d.	High God himself.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 37

19.The Incas believed the only proper person to approach the gods was

a.	the emperor.
b.	the priest.
c.	Inti.
d.	a virgin.

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pg. 36

20.The explorer, Hernando Cortez, was misidentified by the Aztec people to be

a.	the King of Spain.
b.	Quetzalcoatl.
c.	Montezuma.
d.	Carlos Mencia.

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pg. 31

21.Tsaka’bec was a central figure in Naskapi myths. He was known as a trickster because he

a.	had a soul that lived in his heart.
b.	manifested reincarnation.
c.	performed deeds that altered creation.
d.	expressed gratitude to the animals.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pg. 17

MATCHING

Match each definition to the corresponding term.

a.	Tsaka’bec	d.	Mista’peo
b.	Mantu	e.	trickster
c.	shaman

1.Naskapi world soul

2.Naskapi individual human soul

3.Naskapi trickster

4.controls spirits/souls

5.figure admired for his canniness

1.ANS:BPTS:1

2.ANS:DPTS:1

3.ANS:APTS:1

4.ANS:CPTS:1

5.ANS:EPTS:1

Match each definition to the corresponding term.

a.	wisakon	d.	Ahone
b.	mamanatowick	e.	weroansquas
c.	Okeus

6.Powhatan medicine

7.Powhatan benevolent deity

8.Powhatan female commanders

9.Powhatan malevolent deity

10.Powhatan Supreme Chief

6.ANS:APTS:1

7.ANS:DPTS:1

8.ANS:EPTS:1

9.ANS:CPTS:1

10.ANS:BPTS:1

Match each definition to the corresponding term.

a.	myth	d.	reincarnation
b.	henotheism	e.	kachina
c.	monotheism

11.souls of the dead reborn in human form

12.belief that there is only one god

13.story of gods acting in a different time

14.belief in a supreme god ruling over a hierarchy of lesser gods

15.Hopi dancers representing animals, ancestors, and spirits

11.ANS:DPTS:1

12.ANS:CPTS:1

13.ANS:APTS:1

14.ANS:BPTS:1

15.ANS:EPTS:1

Match each definition to the corresponding term.

a.	Tonatiuh	d.	Huitzilopochtli
b.	Quetzalcoatl	e.	Tlaloc
c.	Tenochtitlan

16.Aztec god of earth and rain

17.Aztec sun god

18.Aztec city with 80 ritual temples

19.Aztec “Plumed Serpent” god

20.chief god of the Aztecs

16.ANS:EPTS:1

17.ANS:APTS:1

18.ANS:CPTS:1

19.ANS:BPTS:1

20.ANS:DPTS:1

Match each definition to the corresponding term.

a.	Inti	d.	Cuzco
b.	Viracocha	e.	huacas
c.	Situa

21.Inca feast of salvation

22.Inca god symbolized by a hummingbird

23.Inca creator god

24.natural phenomena manifesting the holy

25.capital city of the Incan empire

21.ANS:CPTS:1

22.ANS:APTS:1

23.ANS:BPTS:1

24.ANS:EPTS:1

25.ANS:DPTS:1

ESSAY

1.Describe how and why the Naskapi human soul, Mista’peo, communicates with the individual.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 17

2.Describe the concept of soul in hunters and hunted among the Naskapi.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 18

3.Explain the roles of the gods Ahone and Okeus among Powhatan people.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

4.Describe the Cherokee myth about life in which Kana’ti was the ideal for men and Selu was the ideal for women.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 23

5.Describe the common worldview features of North American religions.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 24-25

6.Reflect on the Native American idea that the problems for humans were essentially caused by humans.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 25

7.Reflect on the Native American notion of spiritual disorder manifesting as physical illness.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 26

8.Compare and contrast the functions/actions of religious professionals (shamans, priests) from the Naskapi, Powhatan, and Cherokee tribes.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS:1REF:pg. 16 | pg. 20 | pg. 21

9.Briefly describe each of the four main rites of passage in Native American culture.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 27

10.Describe the Powhatan notion of the afterlife.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 20

11.Describe the Aztec’s artistic symbol for their Chief god, Huitzilopochtli.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 29

12.Define huacas and describe their function in Inca spirituality.

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 33

13.Describe the three phases of the Inca Festival of the Queen (Situa).

ANS:

Not provided

PTS: 1 REF: pg. 33-34