Window on Humanity A Concise Introduction to General Anthropology 8th Edition Conrad Kottak – Test Bank

Description

Window on Humanity A Concise Introduction to General Anthropology 8th Edition Conrad Kottak – Test Bank

Chapter 01 What is Anthropology? 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Ethnography is
A. the firsthand, personal study of local settings.
B. the process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations.
C. the study of interrelationships among all living things in an environment.
D. a policy aimed at removing groups that are culturally different from a country.
E. the cross-cultural comparison of cultural data.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

2. Anthropology’s comparative, biocultural perspective
A. allows the inclusion of both biological and cultural approaches to comment on or solve a particular issue or problem.
B. is the reason it has traditionally studied nonindustrialized societies.
C. is insignificant, since evolution is studied by biological anthropologists, while culture is studied by cultural anthropologists.
D. is a product of the participant observation approach.
E. places it in the humanities.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: Explain what is meant by the statement that anthropology is the holistic and comparative study of humanity.
Topic: Defining anthropology

3. Ethnology is
A. the study of human speech sounds.
B. the comparative, generalizing aspect of cultural anthropology.
C. the most important subfield of anthropology.
D. the study of ancient ethnic groups.
E. a synonym for ethnography.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

4. The four main subdisciplines of anthropology consist of
A. medical anthropology, ethnography, ethnology, and cultural anthropology.
B. archaeology, biological anthropology, applied linguistics, and applied anthropology.
C. biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology.
D. genetic anthropology, physical anthropology, psychological anthropology, and linguistic anthropology.
E. primatology, ethnology, cultural anthropology, and paleopathology.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

5. Archaeologists study
A. language.
B. race.
C. biological adaptation.
D. modern cultural diversity.
E. material remains.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

6. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of four-field anthropology?
A. its holistic approach
B. broad cross-cultural comparisons
C. the study of human biology, culture, and language
D. both scientific and humanistic dimensions
E. an exclusive focus on contemporary cultures

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

7. Biological anthropologists study all of the following EXCEPT
A. ancient languages.
B. human biological plasticity.
C. primates.
D. human evolution.
E. human genetics.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

 

8. The study of interactions among past living things in a past environment is
A. paleoanthropology.
B. paleoecology.
C. garbology.
D. social archaeology.
E. adaptive anthropology.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

9. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A.  Anthropology is the exploration of human diversity in time and space.
B.  Anthropology studies the whole of the human condition.
C.  Anthropologists focus in part on the diversity that arises through human adaptability.
D.  Anthropology’s biocultural approach entails finding evolutionary explanations for all human behaviors.
E.  Anthropology offers a comparative, cross-cultural perspective to the study of the human condition.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain what is meant by the statement that anthropology is the holistic and comparative study of humanity.
Topic: Defining anthropology

10. Which of the following statements is a distinction between culture and society?
A.  Culture is the result of higher education, whereas society is shared by all people.
B.  People share society with other animals, but culture is distinctly human.
C.  Culture is genetically programmed, whereas society is transmitted through social learning.
D.  People attain culture through international travel, but society is the social environment of their native land.
E.  Society rests more upon certain features of human biology than does culture.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: Explain what is meant by the statement that anthropology is the holistic and comparative study of humanity.
Topic: Defining anthropology

11. ________ defines the processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses.
A. Ethnology
B. Ethnography
C. Cultural resource management
D. Adaptation
E. Phenotype

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain the significance of the four primary types of human adaptation.
Topic: Types of human adaptation

12. The tendency of people living in the Peruvian Andes to develop a voluminous chest and lungs for life at very high altitudes is an example of a(n)
A. genetic adaptation.
B. long-term physiological adaptation.
C. short-term physiological adaptation.
D. cultural adaptation.
E. archaeological adaptation.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain the significance of the four primary types of human adaptation.
Topic: Types of human adaptation

13. The pressurized cabin of an airplane flying at high altitude is an example of a(n)
A. genetic adaptation.
B. long-term physiological adaptation.
C. short-term physiological adaptation.
D. cultural adaptation.
E. archaeological adaptation.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain the significance of the four primary types of human adaptation.
Topic: Types of human adaptation

14. A systematic field of study that uses experiment, observation, and deduction to produce reliable explanations of phenomena is
A. culture.
B. religion.
C. a humanity.
D. science.
E. folklore.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Summarize why anthropology is considered a social science.
Topic: Anthropology as a social science

15. What question was particularly important to early American anthropologists?
A. How are the Neandertals related to us?
B. Where did Native Americans come from?
C. When and where did food production first begin?
D. How much beer do people in Arizona drink today?
E. Where do ideals of attractiveness come from?

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

16. A biocultural perspective is
A. the notion that humans no longer rely on biological adaptation.
B. the inclusion of both biological and cultural approaches.
C. using the fact that culture is completely dominant over biological change.
D. synonymous with scientific research.
E. the idea that girls should be gymnasts and boys should play football.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain what is meant by the statement that anthropology is the holistic and comparative study of humanity.
Learning Objective: Summarize why anthropology is considered a social science.
Topic: Anthropology as a social science
Topic: Defining anthropology

17. Why does Brazil rarely send female swimmers to the Olympics?
A.  Brazilians favor the strong leg muscles that come from other sports like basketball or soccer.
B.  Women with ideal swimmers’ bodies are recruited for a more popular Brazilian sport, volleyball.
C. Brazilian women would rather swim just to keep trim and fit and not to compete.
D. Brazilian officials would rather focus on the success of Brazilian men’s swimming.
E. Beauty standards in Brazil shun the physique created by swimming.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Understand how culture can determine the body shapes of individuals.
Topic: Cultural influences on body shapes

18. Rathje’s garbology project
A. studies the stratification of landfills.
B. is archaeology of modern people.
C. answered the question why people leave things behind for archaeologists to find.
D. is a study of potsherds.
E. was conducted in ancient Egypt.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology..
Topic: Applied anthropology

19. A scientist who studies the fossil record of human evolution is a(n)
A. paleoanthropologist.
B. archaeologist.
C. ethnologist.
D. treasure hunter.
E. primatologist.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology

 

20. The study of the relationships between social and linguistic variation is
A. historic linguistics.
B. applied linguistics.
C. cultural resource management.
D. adaptation.
E. sociolinguistics.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: List the four subfields of anthropology, and distinguish between ethnography and ethnology.
Topic: Subfields of U.S. anthropology