What is Psychology Foundations, Applications, And Integration 3rd Edition by Ellen E. Pastorino – Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. ​What brain structure is involved in the formation of myelin?

  a.  ​neurons

  b.  ​glia cells

  c.  ​dendrites

  d.  ​synapses

ANSWER:   b

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Thinking Critically

2. ​Reflexive activity, such as jerking your hand away from a hot stove, is governed by the ____.

  a.  ​rescue system

  b.  ​endocrine system

  c.  ​nervous system

  d.  ​parasympathetic system

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

3. ​The action of tying your shoes is most likely to involve the ____ system.

  a.  ​endocrine

  b.  ​endocrine

  c.  ​nervous

  d.  ​parasympathetic

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

4. ​The information-carrying cells of the nervous system are called ____.

  a.  ​neurons

  b.  ​glia cells

  c.  hormones

  d.  ​glands

ANSWER:   a

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

5. ​Glia cells ____.

  a.  ​form myelin

  b.  ​direct the activity of hormones

  c.  ​provide very little benefit to the brain

  d.  ​can occasionally function as neurotransmitters

ANSWER:   a

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

6. ​Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding neurons and glia cells in the adult human brain?

  a.  ​Neurons are far more numerous than glia cells.

  b.  ​Neurons are more concentrated in the brainstem than glia cells.

  c.  ​Neurons and glia cells are about the same in number.

  d.  ​Neurons are far less numerous than glia cells.

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

7. ​Myelin ____.

  a.  ​is a type of neurotransmitter

  b.  ​disrupts neurological activity

  c.  ​is produced by the action potential

  d.  ​speeds up neural signals

ANSWER:   d

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

8. ​Symptoms of multiple sclerosis include ____.

  a.  ​difficulty with voluntary movement

  b.  ​abnormally rapid reflexes

  c.  ​hypersensitivity to pain

  d.  ​exceptionally acute hearing

ANSWER:   a

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

9. ​Without glia cells, your brain would ____.

  a.  ​experience no change in function

  b.  ​be forced to communicate more often through the endocrine system

  c.  ​repair itself more rapidly than normal in the case of an injury

  d.  ​send information more slowly

ANSWER:   d

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

10. ​Which disease is associated with myelin loss, causing neural impulses to travel around in the brain without reaching to their destinations?

  a.  ​depression

  b.  ​Multiple Sclerosis

  c.  ​Parkinson’s disease

  d.  ​Alzheimer’s disease

ANSWER:   b

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

11. ​Francisco has a disease that is destroying the myelin on his neurons. What effect will this disease most likely have on Francisco?

  a.  ​His brain and spinal cord will completely cease to function.

  b.  ​His will be paralyzed on one side of his body but not the other.

  c.  ​His neural signals will slow down.

  d.  ​His neural signals will speed up.

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Apply

12. ​The part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons is the ____.

  a.  ​axon

  b.  ​dendrite

  c.  ​cell body

  d.  ​synaptic cleft

ANSWER:   b

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

13. ​Dr. Adelman is biological psychologist who is most interested in studying the part of the neuron that receives input from other neurons.  He is most likely to focus on which of the following?

  a.  ​myelin

  b.  ​axon bulbs

  c.  ​dendrites

  d.  ​glia

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Apply

14. ​Within a single neuron, dendrites are ____ and axon bulbs are ____.

  a.  ​active in communication; active in cell metabolism

  b.  ​myelinated; unmyelinated

  c.  ​at the beginning; at the end

  d.  ​much smaller; much larger

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

15. ​A neuron’s axon ____.

  a.  ​is nearly always less than two millimeters in length

  b.  ​is usually completely covered in myelin from end-to-end

  c.  ​can either by myelinated or unmyelinated

  d.  ​usually ends in one “bulb,” which physically connects to the next neuron

ANSWER:   c

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

16. ​Axons on neurons in the brain are typically ____.

  a.  ​longer than those in the peripheral nervous system

  b.  ​shorter than those in the peripheral nervous system

  c.  ​about the same size as those in the peripheral nervous system

  d.  ​extremely variable in length, with some being very long and others very short

ANSWER:   b

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

17. ​The junction between adjoining neurons is called the ____.

  a.  ​synapse

  b.  ​myelin sheath

  c.  ​dendrite space

  d.  ​cellular gap

ANSWER:   a

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

18. ​The vesicles at the end of an axon contain ____.

  a.  ​sodium (Na+) ions

  b.  ​neurotransmitters

  c.  ​myelin

  d.  ​DNA

ANSWER:   b

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand

19. ​Axons are necessary for neurons to be able to ____.

  a.  ​receive neural impulses from other neurons

  b.  ​duplicate themselves

  c.  ​direct the development of the neuron

  d.  ​send neural impulses to other neurons

ANSWER:   d

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Thinking Critically

20. ​A neuron’s DNA exists within its ____.

  a.  ​cell body

  b.  ​dendrites

  c.  ​axon

  d.  ​axon bulb

ANSWER:   a

REFERENCES:   2.1 Billions of Neurons: Communication in the Brain

KEYWORDS:   Bloom’s: Understand