What is Psychology 3rd Edition by By Ellen E. Pastorino – Test Bank

a.

scientific study of why people do what they do.

b.

scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

c.

study of the unconscious determinants of personality.

d.

study of mental illness and its treatment.

a.

Kinsley, who studies the behavioral characteristics of highly intelligent people

b.

Jonas, who “reads” people’s palms and foretells their futures

c.

Elina, who is investigating a new treatment for skin cancer

d.

Mitchell, who dispenses advice to others based on his own personal experiences

a.

rats.

b.

humans.

c.

monkeys.

d.

all of these choices.

a.

humans who have mental  health problems only.

b.

animals only.

c.

humans only.

d.

humans and animals.

a.

it is a science.

b.

more than half of all psychologists are involved in the counseling or treatment of clients.

c.

most psychologists hold advanced degrees.

d.

psychologists usually only study abnormal behavior.

a.

an extremely diverse field with new specialties appearing each year.

b.

a fairly narrow field with a primary focus on mental illness.

c.

so broad and diverse that it would be impossible to determine any special areas of emphasis.

d.

limited primarily to studying animals and humans in laboratory settings.

a.

Psychology is a pseudoscience.

b.

Psychologists have developed many theories of behavior but are often unable to explain exactly why a person may do something.

c.

Psychology includes many different specialty areas.

d.

Psychology utilizes the scientific method.

a.

did not have to study scientific methodology.

b.

has completed a considerable amount of research.

c.

is primarily concerned with giving people advice.

d.

does not have a doctoral degree.

a.

Psychology is mostly about the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.

b.

Psychology is merely common sense.

c.

Psychological theories cannot be used to explain the particular behaviors of all people.

d.

Psychology doesn’t conduct any true scientific studies.

a.

in analyzing concepts and applying them to other situations.

b.

to determine the difference between pseudoscience and science.

c.

us be intelligent consumers of the vast amount of information to which we are exposed.

d.

all of these choices

a.

Psychology is about giving people advice.

b.

Psychology is easy. It’s just common sense.

c.

Psychology is the study of mental illness.

d.

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

a.

using the scientific method.

b.

thinking deeply about the reasons for our behavior.

c.

using common sense to understand why we do what we do.

d.

studying the behavior of people with mental illnesses.

a.

Tom is wrong. A movie cannot teach you anything about psychology.

b.

Tom is correct. Hollywood movies tell the story of psychology very accurately.

c.

Tom is partially correct. Hollywood’s depiction of psychology is often only partially correct.

d.

Tom is lying. He never saw A Beautiful Mind. This movie has nothing to do with psychology.

a.

She is a therapist.

b.

She has a doctoral degree.

c.

She studies animal behavior.

d.

She studies mental illness.

a.

Tell us whether or not baby Marla will like spinach better than squash.

b.

Predict what type of person is likely to favor spinach over squash.

c.

Tell us whether or not people who like spinach will also tend to enjoy squash.

d.

Psychology can do all of these!

a.

What causes the dollar to increase in value?

b.

Why are weather patterns changing across the world?

c.

Why are some people smarter than others?

d.

What chemicals are found in the plants of the rainforest?

a.

not true.

b.

true.

c.

true for females, but not males.

d.

true for children, but not adults.

a.

opinion that has no supporting facts.

b.

prediction of some future event.

c.

explanation of why and how a behavior occurs.

d.

method for testing hypotheses.

a.

theory.

b.

science.

c.

pseudoscience.

d.

hypothesis

a.

cognitive psychologist.

b.

behaviorist.

c.

psychoanalytic theorist.

d.

biological psychologist.

a.

1653.

b.

1776.

c.

1879.

d.

1928.

a.

Although many negative events have characterized psychology’s past, many positive events have occurred in recent years.

b.

People have always been interested in explaining behavior, but psychology did not become a science until relatively recently.

c.

Psychology has been a science for hundreds of years, but only recently has the general public become interested in it.

d.

Although psychology has existed as a science for a very long time, it is being overshadowed by more exact sciences and will likely not survive much beyond the current century.

a.

Hippocrates studied the body’s chemicals around 400 B.C.

b.

ancient philosophers such as Aristotle studied sleep around 300 B.C.

c.

Descartes and others debated the connection between the mind and body in the early 1600s.

d.

Wilhelm Wundt established a laboratory to study the mind in the late 1800s.

a.

A prehistoric cave dweller is attempting to understand the motivations of another cave dweller.

b.

A Greek philosopher is discussing the connection between mind and body.

c.

A laboratory researcher is studying the conscious elements of sensory experiences.

d.

A biologist is examining the physical basis for HIV.

a.

are relatively new fields in psychology.

b.

are extremely theoretical views with little ability to be applied in real settings.

c.

focus on the ability of organisms to adapt to their environment.

d.

are older theories that have been replaced by newer theories in psychology.

a.

Wilhelm Wundt was primarily interested in studying conscious experience and mental processes.

b.

Wilhelm Wundt used a process called introspection to examine the sensations and feelings of trained observers.

c.

William James established the first scientific laboratory in Germany to study mental processes.

d.

William James was primarily interested in the function that behaviors and thoughts serve for organisms.

a.

functionalism; structuralism

b.

structuralism; functionalism

c.

science; pseudoscience

d.

behavioral observation; introspection

a.

Structuralism

b.

Gestalt psychology

c.

Functionalism

d.

Psychoanalytic theory

a.

William James.

b.

Charles Darwin.

c.

Wilhelm Wundt.

d.

Sigmund Freud.

a.

philosophy.

b.

medicine.

c.

physiology.

d.

all of these choices.

a.

“To fully understand the human, one needs to examine unconscious motivations.”

b.

“Rather than studying the elements of consciousness, psychology should study the function that consciousness serves.”

c.

“If psychology ever hopes to be truly scientific, we must study the basic elements of mental experience.”

d.

“Human nature is primarily influenced by self-perception, which should be the focus of psychology.”

a.

Athens, Greece.

b.

Paris, France.

c.

San Francisco, US.

d.

Leipzig, Germany.

a.

the first to study psychology scientifically.

b.

a student of Wilhelm Wundt.

c.

a functionalist.

d.

the originator of behaviorism.

a.

cognitive scientist analyzing the dynamic relationship between thoughts and actions.

b.

biologist trying to discover the causes of certain diseases.

c.

chemist attempting to determine what elements combine to create different substances.

d.

therapist working to develop the best treatment for a mental illness.

a.

free association.

b.

introspection.

c.

functionalism.

d.

hypnosis.