Test Bank For Physical Geology Exploring the Earth 6th Edition By James S. Monroe

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Test Bank For Physical Geology Exploring the Earth 6th Edition By James S. Monroe

Chapter 3 – Minerals – The Building Blocks of Rocks145

CHAPTER 3  TEST QUESTIONS

TRUE OR FALSE

1. The United States and Canada owe much of their economic success to their abundant supply of mineral resources.

ANSWER: true

2. Gems are found in nature and rarely need to be modified to make them ready for jewelry.

ANSWER: false

3. Diamond is the only naturally-occurring mineral that scratches glass.

ANSWER: false

4.. Ice is a mineral but water is not.

ANSWER: true

5.. Isotopes of a given element vary in their number of neutrons but not in their number of protons.

ANSWER: true

6.. All minerals are compounds.

ANSWER: false

7. Native minerals are among those that occur in concentrations known as ores.

ANSWER: true

8. Noble gases are chemically inert because their outer electron shell is filled.

ANSWER: true

9. Van der Waals bonds occur between atoms or compounds without free electrons.

ANSWER: true

10. The number of neutrons in an atom always equals the number of protons.

ANSWER: false

11. The atomic mass of an atom may vary but its atomic number does not.

ANSWER: true

12. Radicals are groups of tightly-bonded atoms that behave as a single element.

ANSWER: true

13. Olivine is an example of a mineral with isolated silica tetrahedra.

ANSWER: true

14. Minerals are crystalline solids but may not exhibit well-formed crystals.

ANSWER: true

15. Mica and clay minerals have a platy crystal form because they have a sheet-like structure of silica tetrahedra.

ANSWER: true

16. Minerals of the amphibole group have their silica tetrahedra arranged in double chains.

ANSWER: true

17. Quartz is a single chain tetrahedra silicate.

ANSWER: false

18. Glass can only be scratched by a diamond.

ANSWER: false

19. Nonferromagnesian minerals tend to have a light color.

ANSWER: true

20. Quartz cannot be manufactured synthetically.

ANSWER: false

21. The United States is self-sufficient in manganese.

ANSWER: false

22. The United States is self-sufficient in petroleum.

ANSWER: false

23. The United States is self-sufficient in gold.

ANSWER: false

MULTIPLE CHOICE

24. Which of the following are all examples of minerals?

A. bronze, steel, glass, aluminum, pencil lead

B. gold, silver, uranium, lead, silica, iron

* C. copper, ice, quartz, topaz, diamond, corundum

D. water, mercury, metallic hydrogen, limestone

E. petroleum, coal, iron, feldspar, basalt

25. Covalent bonds differ from ionic bonds in that

A. ionic bonds arise from electrical attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.

B. covalent bonds arise from the sharing of one or more electrons.

C. covalent bonds can occur between atoms of the same element.

D. A and B, only

* E. All of the above

26. Common examples of sulfide and sulfate minerals, respectively are

A. galena and pyrite.

B. gypsum and anhydrite.

* C. galena and gypsum.

D. galena and hematite.

E. fluorite and pyrite.

27. Cleavage is defined as

* A. planes of weak bonds along which a mineral splits.

B. smooth, flat reflective surfaces.

C. surfaces of smooth, curved fracture.

D. planes of fracture resulting from strong bonds.

E. none of the above

28.  Minerals originate from crystallization from

A. molten magma

B. hydrothermal solutions

C. seawater

D. chemical alteration of pre-existing minerals

* E. all of the above

29. Ferromagnesian silicates are most common in which group of rock types?

A. sedimentary and metamorphic

* B. igneous and metamorphic

C. sedimentary and igneous

D. plutonic and volcanic

E. none of the above

30. Nonferromagnesian minerals are common in which rock type(s)?

A. igneous

B. sedimentary

C. metamorphic

* D. all of the above

E. none of the above

31. Which of the following is a common nonferromagnesian silicate mineral?

A. quartz

B. clay minerals

C. muscovite

D. feldspar

* E. all of the above

32. Which of the following is a common ferromagnesian mineral?

* A. augite

B. calcite

C. dolomite

D. dark colored feldspar

E. all of the above

33. Which of the following is an example of a mineral resource?

A. sand

B. gold

C. petroleum

D. salt

* E. all of the above

34. Which of the following is a renewable resource?

A. natural gas

B. gravel

* C. wood

D. uranium

E. coal

35. An example of a material which has been both a resource and a reserve depending on abundance, economic conditions, and mining technology is

A. platinum.

B. gold.

C. petroleum.

D. iron.

* E. all of the above

36. For minerals classified within any one silicate group, which of the following is true? 

A. they have similar physical properties

* B. they have similar arrangements of silicate tetrahedra

C. they have similar chemical compositions

D. they have similar bonds

E. none of the above

37. Relative to ferromagnesium silicates, which of the following is true of non-ferromagnesium silicates?

A. they are lighter in color

B. they have the same silicate mineral groups

C. they contain Si, O, and OH, but no Fe or Mg

* D. A and B

E. A and C

F. A, B, and C

38. Cleavage occurs if the mineral has

A. weak bonds

* B. planes along which bonds are aligned

C. original crystal form at the time of origin

D. glassy, non-metallic luster

39. The specific gravity of mineral depends on

A. the size of the sample

* B. whether it is metallic

C. water content

D. A and B

E. B and C

FILL-IN

40. Atoms consist of a compact central part called the __________, which is composed of particles called __________ and __________. This central part is encircled by negatively charged particles called __________.

ANSWER: nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons