Test Bank For Anatomy & Physiology 8th Edition by Kevin T. Patton, Gary A. Thibodeau

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ISBN-13: 978-0323083577 ISBN-10: 0323083579

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Test Bank For Anatomy & Physiology 8th Edition by Kevin T. Patton, Gary A. Thibodeau

Patton: Anatomy and Physiology, 8th Edition Chapter 02-A: The Chemical Basis of Life

Test Bank

TRUE/FALSE

1. Biochemistry involves the chemical makeup of living organisms and the underlying process of life activities.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 34

TOP: Introduction

2.The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines its atomic mass.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 36

TOP: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass

3.The positively charged electrons are found in clouds outside the nucleus of an atom.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 36

TOP:Atomic Structure

4.Two shared pairs of electrons represent a single covalent bond.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 39 TOP: Covalent Bonds

5.The digestion of food is an example of a decomposition reaction.

ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 41

TOP:Chemical Reactions

6.The number and arrangement of electrons orbiting in an atom’s outer shell determine its chemical activity.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 37 TOP: Energy Levels

7.An atom is chemically inert if its outermost shell has two pairs of electrons.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 37 TOP: Energy Levels

8.An isotope of an element contains the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 37

TOP: Isotopes

9.Electrovalent and ionic bonds are the same.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 38

TOP: Ionic Bonds

10.Radiation results from the breaking apart of the nucleus of an atom.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 38

TOP:Radioactivity

11.Radioactivity can cause an atom of one element to change to that of another element.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 38

TOP:Radioactivity

12.Gamma radiation has less mass than alpha or beta radiation.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 38 TOP: Radioactivity

13.A substance that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added is called a buffer.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 45 TOP: Buffers

14.The chemical reaction of an acid with a base will produce a salt and water.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 45 TOP: Salts

15.Water acts as a very effective solvent.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 43

TOP: Water

16.Electrolytes include acids, bases, and salts.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP: Electrolytes

17.By definition, inorganic compounds do not contain carbon.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 42

TOP: Organic and Inorganic Compounds

18.Electrolytes are characterized by having either a positive or a negative charge.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP: Electrolytes

19.Acids are electrolytes that produce OH+ ions.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP: Acids

20.pH is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP:The pH Scale

21.Proteins are the most abundant of the carbon-containing compounds in the body.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 51

TOP: Proteins

22.Glycogen and starch are both examples of polysaccharides.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 46

TOP: Disaccharides and Polysaccharides

23.There are a total of 21 essential amino acids.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 52

TOP:Amino Acids

24.Steroids are often called tissue hormones.

ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 50 TOP: Steroids

25.DNA molecules are the largest molecules in the body.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 56

TOP:Nucleic Acids

26.Adenine and thymine are referred to as purine bases, which are important constituents of a DNA molecule.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 56

TOP:Nucleic Acids

27.Metabolism includes the processes of both anabolism and catabolism.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 41

TOP: Metabolism

28.The ability of proteins to perform their function depends on their shape.

ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 54

TOP: Levels of Protein Structure

29.Enzymes are proteins that function by the lock-and-key theory.

ANS:TDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 54

TOP: Levels of Protein Structure

30.ATP is broken down in an anabolic reaction.

ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 41|Page 42

TOP: Catabolism

31.Catabolism and anabolism are major types of metabolic activity.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 41

TOP: Metabolism

32.Sodium chloride is an example of an ionic bond.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 38 TOP: Ionic Bonds

33.The digestion of food is an example of a synthesis reaction.

ANS:FDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 40

TOP:Chemical Reactions

34.The pH scale indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP:Acids and Bases

35.Litmus paper will turn red in the presence of a base.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 44

TOP:Acids and Bases

36.High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is also called the “bad” cholesterol.

ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 51 (Box 2-2)

TOP:Blood Lipoproteins

37.The nonessential amino acids cannot be produced from the other amino acids or from simple organic molecules.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 52

TOP:Amino Acids

38.The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 36

TOP: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass

39.The mass of a proton is almost exactly equal to the mass of an electron.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 36

TOP: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass

40.Hydrogen will react with other atoms to get 8 electrons in its outer energy level.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 37 TOP: Energy Levels

41.A double covalent bond involves the sharing of 2 electrons.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 39 TOP: Covalent Bonds

42.Synthesis reactions release energy for use by the cell.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 40

TOP:Chemical Reactions

43.Electrolytes dissociate to form ions.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 44 TOP: Electrolytes

44.As the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH value increases.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 44 TOP: Acids and Bases

45.Sugars and starches are both considered to be carbohydrates.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 46

TOP:Carbohydrates

46.Glucose is a hexose and ribose is a pentose.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 46

TOP:Carbohydrates

47.Nonessential amino acids are rarely used in the making of proteins in the human body.

ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 52 TOP: Amino Acids

48.Fats, steroids, and prostaglandins are all considered lipids.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 48

TOP: Lipids

49.Fats are composed of three fatty acids joined to a molecule of glycerol.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 48

TOP:Triglycerides or Fats

50.Saturated fats are more likely than unsaturated fats to be liquid at room temperature.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 48

TOP:Triglycerides or Fats

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