Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology An Integrative Approach 8th Edition by David H. Barlow

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Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology An Integrative Approach 8th Edition by David H. Barlow

 

1. The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

a. biological dimensions.

b. biological and psychological dimensions.

c. biological and psychological dimensions, as well as emotional influences.

d. biological and psychological dimensions, as well as emotional and developmental influences.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

2. Within the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology, learned helplessness is considered a(n)  dimension.

a. biological b. psychological c. emotional d. psychological

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

3. The basis of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that each dimension

(psychological, biological, emotional, etc.)

a. operates independently. b. is sufficient to cause pathology.

c. builds on the dimension that precedes it. d. is influenced by the other dimensions.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

4. Your uncle spent most of his teen years in a hospital undergoing treatment for a severe physical illness. As an adult, he is rather shy and withdrawn, particularly around women. He has been diagnosed with social phobia, which you believe is entirely due to lack of socialization during his teen years. Your theory or model of what caused his phobia is ________.

a. multidimensional b. integrative c. one-dimensional d. biological

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Applied

5. According to the multidimensional integrative approach to psychopathology, the following statement is true for most psychological disorders:

a. If one monozygotic twin has a particular disorder, the other twin will definitely have the disorder as well. b. Monozygotic twins are no more likely to share psychological disorders than any other siblings.

c. Monozygotic twins are no more likely to share disorders than any other two people selected at random from the population.

d. If one monozygotic twin has a particular psychological disorder, the other twin is more likely to have the disorder than the rest of the population.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

6. Amanda is 12 years old, and her sister Samantha is 5 years old. While riding in a car with their parents, the girls witness a major automobile accident where a number of people are injured. The girls react very differently to the accident. This is probably due to

a. biological differences. b. developmental differences. c. psychological differences d. sociocultural differences

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER: TYPE: Applied

7. The multidimensional integrative approach to pathology includes causal factors from which fields?

1. Neuroscience
2. Genetics
3. Psychology
4. All of the above are correct

ANSWER:  d

DIFFICULTY:  Easy

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER:  TYPE: Factual

8. Behavioral influences in the multidimensional model include  

1. conditioned Responses.
2. cultural Factors.
3. genetics.
4. violation of Social Norms.

ANSWER:  a

DIFFICULTY:  Easy

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER:  TYPE:  Factual

9. Social influences in the multidimensional model include  

1. the fact that illness usually gets attention.
2. heart rate.
3. genetics.
4. conditioned responses.

ANSWER:  a

DIFFICULTY:  Moderate

REFERENCES:  One-Dimensional versus Multidimensional Models

OTHER:  TYPE:  Applied

10. The most accurate way to think of genes is that they 

a. set boundaries for our development.

b. determine both our physical and psychological characteristics. c. determine physical but not psychological characteristics.

d. actually have very little to do with any of the characteristics that we display.

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

11. Referring to behavior and personality as polygenic means that both are 

a. influenced by only a few genes, but each has a large effect.

b. influenced by many genes, with each individual gene contributing a relatively small effect. c. influenced by individual genes only rarely.

d. a result of our genetic structure only.

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

12. The procedures referred to as quantitative genetics are used to a. determine the effects of multiple genes.

b. provide genetic counseling.

c. correct genetic abnormalities.

d. test the multidimensional integrative model.

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

13. Most psychological disorders appear to be influenced by many individual genes rather than caused by one single gene, a process referred to as  influence.

a. multigenic b. polygenic

c. unigenic d. morphogenic

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

 14. Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends. Approximately of

Inga’s enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

a. 25% b. 50%

c. 75% d. 100%

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Applied

 15. The most recent estimates are that genetics contribute approximately personality characteristics such as shyness or activity level.

a. 10-20% b. 30-50%

c. 75-85% d. nothing

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

to the development of

16.

According to recent estimates, genetic contributions to the development of most psychological disorders are __________________.

a. below 50%

b. above 50%

c. different for each disorder (estimates range from 0 to 100%)

d. nonexistent

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

17. Recent evidence regarding the genetic influence on most psychological disorders has shown that a. single genes are usually responsible for psychological disorders.

b. genes that influence psychopathology are usually recessive. c. there is no evidence that genes influence psychopathology.

d. multiple genes interact, with each gene contributing a small effect.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual

18. In the diathesis-stress model, “diathesis” refers to a. an inherited disorder.

b. conditions in the environment that can trigger a disorder depending upon how severe the stressors are. c. an inherited tendency or condition that makes a person susceptible to developing a disorder.

d. the inheritance of multiple disorders.

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

19. In the diathesis-stress model, “stress” refers to

a. life events, in combination with an inherited tendency, that trigger a disorder. b. inherited tendencies, in combination with life events, that trigger a disorder.

c. defective genes.

d. exposure to very unusual and extreme environmental conditions.

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Factual

20. According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the a. interaction between normal and defective or damaged genes.

b. stress level of an individual and how stress is managed in a person’s life. c. family history of an individual.

d. interaction of an inherited tendency and events in a person’s life.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Moderate

REFERENCES:  Genetic Contributions to Psychopathology

OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual