Concepts of Genetics 11th Edition by Klug – Test Bank

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Concepts of Genetics 11th Edition by Klug – Test Bank

Chapter 1   Introduction to Genetics

1) What is the name of the company or institution that has access to the health, genealogical, and genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland?

A) National Institutes of Health

B) deCODE

C) Gattaca

D) Biogen

E) American Cancer Society

Answer:  B

Section:  Introduction

2) A biotechnology company, deCODE, is in the process of creating a database that contains ________.

A) the gene sequences of all newborns in the United States beginning in 2006

B) a compilation of all the known genes in humans throughout the free world

C) health, genealogical, and genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland

D) a complete sequence of the human genome

E) all the information available on the human genome project

Answer:  C

Section:  Introduction

3) Why did deCODE select Iceland for its ambitious research project?

A) a relatively low degree of genetic diversity

B) frequent and extensive mutational bursts

C) high genetic diversity

D) lack of genealogical information

E) virtual absence of mutation

Answer:  A

Section:  Introduction

4) The genetic material DNA consists of basic subunits called ________.

A) mitochondria

B) lysosomes

C) centrioles

D) nucleotides

E) None of the answers listed is correct.

Answer:  D

Section:  1.3

5) The immediate product of transcription is ________.

A) a phospholipid

B) an amino acid

C) a protein

D) a carbohydrate

E) RNA

Answer:  E

Section:  1.3

6) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as ________.

A) haploid; n

B) haploid; 2n

C) diploid; 2n

D) diploid; n

E) None of the answers listed is correct.

Answer:  C

Section:  1.2

7) Genetics is the study of ________.

A) heredity and variation

B) mutation and recession

C) transcription and translation

D) diploid and haploid

E) replication and recombination

Answer:  A

Section:  1.2

8) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri noted that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They proposed that genes are carried on chromosomes, which led to the basis of the ________.

Answer:  Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Section:  1.2

9) What is a mutation?

Answer:  A mutation is an inherited change in a gene.

Section:  1.2

10) What is a simple definition of an allele?

Answer:  An allele is a variant form of a gene.

Section:  1.2

11) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material. Why?

Answer:  Proteins are the most abundant, universally distributed components in cells. Because of their great structural and functional diversity, they were considered likely candidates.

Section:  1.2

12) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors.

Answer:  Gregor Mendel

Section:  1.2

13) What does the term genetics mean?

Answer:  Genetics is a subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and variation at the molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels.

Section:  1.2

14) Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Answer:  DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid

Section:  1.2

15) Name two individuals who provided the conceptual basis for our present understanding that genes are on chromosomes.

Answer:  Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri

Section:  1.2